📘 Class 7 History – Chapter 5
Rulers and Buildings (शासक और इमारतें)
❓ Question 1.
Why did rulers build monuments and buildings?
✅ Answer:
- To show their power and prestige.
- For religious and cultural purposes.
- For public welfare (mosques, tanks, forts, gardens).
❓ Question 2.
What is the importance of temples and mosques built by rulers?
✅ Answer:
- Temples showed devotion to deities.
- Mosques showed Islamic faith.
- Both reflected political authority and cultural life.
❓ Question 3.
Which are the main features of Indo-Islamic architecture?
✅ Answer:
- Use of arches, domes, minarets.
- Decoration with calligraphy and geometric designs.
- Use of red sandstone and marble.
❓ Question 4.
Why was the Qutub Minar built and by whom?
✅ Answer:
- Built by Qutb-ud-din Aibak in Delhi.
- Later completed by Iltutmish.
- Built as a victory tower and for calling azaan (prayers).
❓ Question 5.
What were the special features of Shah Jahan’s architecture?
✅ Answer:
- Known as “Engineer King”.
- Use of white marble.
- Built Taj Mahal, Red Fort, Jama Masjid.
- Focus on symmetry and balance.
❓ Question 6.
What is the significance of Taj Mahal?
✅ Answer:
- Built by Shah Jahan in memory of his wife Mumtaz Mahal.
- Symbol of love and Mughal art.
- Recognized as UNESCO World Heritage Site.
❓ Question 7.
What are the elements of a mosque in Mughal architecture?
✅ Answer:
- Open courtyard for prayers.
- Mehrab (arched niche) pointing towards Mecca.
- Minbar (pulpit) for Friday sermons.
- Minarets for azaan.
❓ Question 8.
What is meant by pietra-dura technique?
✅ Answer:
- Art of inlay work with precious and semi-precious stones on marble.
- Used in Taj Mahal and other Mughal buildings.
❓ Question 9.
How were temples and mosques used as symbols of rulers’ power?
✅ Answer:
- Temples and mosques were built on large scale to show wealth.
- Represented political dominance.
- Often built in conquered territories to show authority over people.
❓ Question 10.
What role did artisans and workers play in building monuments?
✅ Answer:
- Artisans, engineers, laborers, stone-cutters, masons contributed.
- Showed teamwork and skill of local craftsmen.
Made Indian architecture world-famous.
