🌏 India : At a Glance (भारत एक नजर में)
📍 Location (स्थान)
- 🇮🇳 India is located in the Northern Hemisphere (उत्तरी गोलार्ध).
👥 Population (जनसंख्या)
- 👨👩👧👦 121 Crore (2011 Census / जनगणना)
📏 Area (क्षेत्रफल)
- 🗺 3.28 million sq. km (32.8 लाख वर्ग किमी)
- 🌍 2.4% of world’s total geographical area (भौगोलिक क्षेत्रफल)
🏛 Administrative Division (प्रशासनिक विभाजन)
- 🏞 28 States (राज्य)
- 🏝 9 Union Territories (केंद्र शासित प्रदेश)
🌍 Global Status (वैश्विक स्थिति)
- 👥 17.5% of world’s population 🌏
- 📊 Rank by population – 2nd (दूसरा)
- 📏 Rank by area – 7th (सातवां)
🛤 Boundaries (सीमाएं)
- 🛣 Land boundary – 15,200 km
- 🌊 Coastline – 7,616.6 km (including Andaman & Nicobar, Lakshadweep)
⏰ Standard Meridian (मानक मध्यान्ह)
- 📍 82°30’ E (passes through Mirzapur, Uttar Pradesh) – taken as Indian Standard Time (भारतीय मानक समय)
📍 Geographical Extent (भौगोलिक विस्तार)
- 📐 Latitude – 8°4′ N to 37°6′ N
- 📐 Longitude – 68°7′ E to 97°25′ E
- ↕ North to South – 3,214 km
- ↔ East to West – 2,933 km
🌐 Neighbouring Countries (पड़ोसी देश)
- 🕌 Pakistan, Afghanistan (NW)
- 🏔 China (Tibet), Nepal, Bhutan (North)
- 🌿 Myanmar, Bangladesh (East)
- 🏝 Sri Lanka, Maldives (Island neighbours)
📊 Largest & Smallest State (सबसे बड़ा और छोटा राज्य)
- 🏜 Largest by area – Rajasthan
- 🏖 Smallest by area – Goa
🌞 Tropic of Cancer (कर्क रेखा)
- 📏 23°30′ N divides India into almost two equal parts
- 🌏 Passes through – Gujarat, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, West Bengal, Tripura, Mizoram
📏 Size of India (भारत का आकार)
- 🗺 32.8 लाख वर्ग किमी – 2.4% of world’s geographical area
- 🌏 7th largest country in the world
- 🛣 Land boundary – 15,200 km
- 🌊 Coastline – 7,516.6 km
📍 India’s Location (भारत का स्थान)
🌏 Located in the Northern Hemisphere (उत्तरी गोलार्ध)
✨ India’s Position on World Map (भारत का विश्व मानचित्र पर स्थान)
- 📍 Location – Between 8°4′ N latitude (अक्षांश) to 37°6′ N latitude, and 68°7′ E longitude (देशांतर) to 97°25′ E longitude.
- 📏 North–South Extension (विस्तार) – About 3214 km.
- 📏 East–West Extension – About 2933 km.
- ⏳ There is a difference of about 30° between its latitudinal and longitudinal extension.
📊 India’s Position in the World by Area (क्षेत्रफल के आधार पर भारत की स्थिति)
- 🌐 India is the 7th largest country in the world by area.
- 🌏 Countries larger than India are –1️⃣ Russia (रूस)2️⃣ China (चीन)3️⃣ Canada (कनाडा)4️⃣ United States of America (अमेरिका)5️⃣ Australia (ऑस्ट्रेलिया)6️⃣ Brazil (ब्राज़ील)
☀️ Tropic of Cancer (कर्क रेखा)
- 📏 Position – 23°30′ N.
- ✂️ It divides the country into almost two equal parts (देश को लगभग दो बराबर भागों में बांटती है).
🗺 States through which Tropic of Cancer passes (कर्क रेखा किन राज्यों से गुजरती है)
- Gujarat (गुजरात)
- Rajasthan (राजस्थान)
- Madhya Pradesh (मध्य प्रदेश)
- Chhattisgarh (छत्तीसगढ़)
- Jharkhand (झारखंड)
- West Bengal (पश्चिम बंगाल)
- Tripura (त्रिपुरा)
- Mizoram (मिज़ोरम)
🏛 Present 28 States of India (भारत के 28 राज्य और उनकी राजधानियाँ)
🏛 Presently 9 Union Territories of India (वर्तमान में भारत के 9 केंद्र शासित प्रदेश)
📜 Note: In August 2019, the statehood (राज्य का दर्जा) of Jammu and Kashmir was abolished, and two union territories (केंद्र शासित प्रदेश) were created out of it:
1️⃣ Ladakh (लद्दाख)
2️⃣ Jammu and Kashmir (जम्मू और कश्मीर)
📏 Largest & Smallest States in India by Area (क्षेत्रफल के आधार पर भारत के सबसे बड़े और छोटे राज्य)
- 🏜 Largest State – Rajasthan (राजस्थान)
- 🏝 Smallest State – Goa (गोवा)
🌍 India’s Neighbours (भारत के पड़ोसी देश)
- 🗺 Land Boundaries –
- North-West (उत्तर-पश्चिम) – Pakistan (पाकिस्तान) & Afghanistan (अफ़गानिस्तान)
- North (उत्तर) – China (Tibet) (चीन – तिब्बत), Nepal (नेपाल) & Bhutan (भूटान)
- East (पूरब) – Myanmar (म्यांमार) & Bangladesh (बांग्लादेश)
- 🏝 Island Neighbours – Sri Lanka (श्रीलंका) & Maldives (मालदीव)
- 🌏 India is separated from the rest of Asia and called the subcontinent (उपमहाद्वीप).
📜 Countries Included in the Indian Subcontinent (भारतीय उपमहाद्वीप में शामिल देश)
- Pakistan (पाकिस्तान) – North-West
- Nepal (नेपाल) – North
- Bhutan (भूटान) – North
- Bangladesh (बांग्लादेश) – East
India (भारत) – Center
