Mid Term Exam Preparation
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Geography as a Discipline – Class 11 Geography Chapter 1 Important Questions | Mid Term Exam 2025

 

❓ Question 1.

Who first used the term ‘geography’?

✅ Answer:
The term ‘Geography’ was first used by Eratosthenes 🧑‍🎓, a Greek scholar, who lived in Alexandria, Egypt (276–192 BC).

❓ Question 2.

What do you mean by process?

✅ Answer:
A process means –

  • A sequence (क्रम) of changes

  • Systematically related through a chain of causes and effects (कारण और परिणाम)

👉 Simple words: Process is a step-by-step change happening due to cause and effect.

❓ Question 3.

Name the area that still remains largely inaccessible even today.

✅ Answer:
🌐 The area which still remains largely inaccessible (दुर्गम) and unexplored is Antarctica 🧊.


❓ Question 15.

The doctrine believes that the environment controls human activities.

✅ Answer:
This doctrine is called Determinism (नियतिवाद).
👉 It explains that nature/environment strongly controls and shapes human activities.

❓ Question 16.

What is cartography?

✅ Answer:
🗺️ Cartography (नक्शानवीसी) is the technique of drawing maps and diagrams to represent geographical information.


❓ Question 1.

What is Geography?

✅ Answer:

  • The word Geography is formed from two Greek words:

    • ‘Geo’ (Γη) → meaning Earth (पृथ्वी)

    • ‘Graphy’ (γραφία) → meaning Description (वर्णन)

  • Hence, Geography means to write/describe about the Earth and everything upon it.

  • It is the science of spatial distribution (स्थानिक वितरण) of various phenomena:

    • 🌋 Physical (mountains, rivers, climate)

    • 👨‍👩‍👧‍👦 Human (population, settlements, cultures)

    • 🌱 Biotic (plants, animals, ecosystems)

👉 Simple Words: Geography is the study of Earth, its features, and how humans interact with it.




❓ Question 3.

What are the three features of systematic geography?

✅ Answer:
The main features of Systematic Geography (व्यवस्थित भूगोल) are:

1️⃣ It studies geographical facts individually (अलग-अलग).
2️⃣ It implies a detailed study of a single specific factor (e.g., climate, soil, agriculture).
3️⃣ It is explanatory (व्याख्यात्मक) and interpretative (व्याख्या करने वाला) in nature.

✨ Example:

  • A detailed study of agriculture is done by marking the agricultural regions of India.



❓ Question 6.

Distinguish between Physical Geography and Biogeography.

✅ Answer:

Physical Geography (भौतिक भूगोल)

Biogeography (जीव भूगोल)

Deals with non-living natural elements of the Earth.

Deals with living elements (life-forms) of the Earth.

Examples: Landforms, Climate, Water, Soil 🌋🌦️🌊

Examples: Plants, Animals, Human ecology 🌱🐅👨‍👩‍👧‍👦

Major Branches: Geomorphology, Climatology, Hydrology, Soil Geography 📚

Major Branches: Plant Geography, Zoo-geography, Human Ecology 🌍

Focus: Study of physical environment.

Focus: Study of biotic environment.

👉 Simple Words:

  • Physical Geography → Non-living part of nature.

  • Biogeography → Living part of nature.


❓ Question 8.

What are the natural and cultural features on the surface of the Earth?

✅ Answer:

🌱 Natural Features (प्राकृतिक विशेषताएँ)

These are physical elements formed by natural processes:

  • 🌍 Continents

  • 🏔️ Mountains

  • 🌊 Rivers & Oceans

  • 🌾 Plains

  • 🌬️ Atmosphere

🏛️ Cultural Features (सांस्कृतिक विशेषताएँ)

These are elements created by human activities:

  • 🗺️ Countries

  • 🏘️ Villages & Towns

  • 🌆 Cities

  • 🚜 Agriculture & Industry

  • 🚂 Means of Transport and Communication

👉 Simple Words:

  • Natural Features = Nature-made 🌍

  • Cultural Features = Human-made 🏛️






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